What is ‘that-which-is in so far as it is’? This question is concerned with the judgement of existence. It leads further to such questions as: Can the matter which exists be described solely by its form? Or solely by its actions? Or both? Or is there something more ultimate than both these? Aristotle used the term ‘ousia’ to speak of the ‘substance’ of being, which is what we understand as the determining principle of the human person, beyond form and action, uniting the two, giving each human person his or her unique character.

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